DACCA, Pakistan, July 29— Pakistan's military Government is waiting for what it fears may be a protracted guerrilla war, in East Pakistan, and Government strategists are drawing from the writings of Mao Tse tung and other experts in their plans.
“Ours is a regular army,” a ranking Pakistani officer said in an interview. “We recognize that regular armies are not suitable for guerrilla campaigns, as the Vietnam experience has shown. We can shield the nation against external threats, notably India, but only the people can conduct anti guerrilla warfare.”
Pakistan's army, which consists mainly of West Pakistanis, attacked Bengali dissidents on March 25 to re‐establish the authority of the national government and to suppress the separatist movement.
Tens of millions of East Pakistanis, it is reported, fled the major towns for the relative security of the countryside and several million crossed the border into neighboring India.
Open Battles Fought
Initially, the Bengali separatists fought the army in open battles. Bengali forces included almost all of East Pakistan's police and militia forces, as well as the East Bengal Regiment, a unit in the national army.
But the national army quickly seized all the major towns in East Pakistan and wiped out opposition strongpoints. Resistance became sporadic and took the form of sniping and sabotage on railroad lines.
During the last two weeks, however, guerrilla activity has accelerated and has begun to pose a problem for the military authorities. The three divisions of troops, armor and artillery now being maintained in East Pakistan have not been able to prevent the dynamiting of power installations, bridges, roads and houses by guerrillas.
Most experts speculate that Bengali guerrillas who went to India on March 25 have now had time to receive training and weapons in Indian camps and are now back in action in East Pakistan. According to one estimate, there are 30,000 active guerrillas in the province. One step toward countering this force was taken by the Government on July 15 when it organized the new Razakar (Volunteer) force.
Auxiliary Militia Formed
Razakar units are hamlet militia responsible to the local police as a kind of auxiliary. Anyone over 14 may join after a loose screening procedure. After brief training the recruit is given a rifle and paid about 70 cents a day while on duty.
“The Razakars guard vulnerable points such as power stations, bridges and so forth, but they should be especially helpful as members of rural communities who can identify guerrillas,” an army officer said.
The Government says it has already recruited more than 22,000 Razakars of a planned force of 35,000.
“The people are definitely giving us information about the guerrillas,” the officer said. “The people realize that the guerrilla operations are hurting the economy and that this hurts the people. If we can convert this resentment into support for us, we'll overcome the guerrilla problem.”
The officer said the army was increasingly successful in determining guerrilla infiltration routes and in ambushing them.
“Mao Tse‐tung teaches that roving rebels accomplish nothing and that successful guerrillas must have a base inside their target country,” he said. “This we are denying them.”