NEW DELHI, Aug. 10—Praise for the Soviet Union and some harsh comments on United States policy were voiced to day as the Indian Parliament debated the Indian‐Soviet friendship treaty signed here yesterday.

Nearly all parties acclaimed the treaty, hut opinion was divided on whether India's traditional nonalignment policy had survived.

Foreign Minister Swaran Singh, speaking at the end of the six‐hour debate, reiterated that the treaty was not a military pact and that there was “nothing either in the treaty or in anything that flowed from it that detracts from the policy of nonalignment.”

There was no vote on the treaty in Parliament because under the Constitution the Cabinet is empowered to ratify it. The Government, nonetheless, still went before Parliament to have the treaty debated.

Mr. Singh said the signing of the accord had nothing to do with either President Nixon's overtures toward Communist China or the Pakistani military suppression of the Bengali separatist movement in East Pakistan.

The Foreign Minister said that the treaty had been in the making for the last two years and that secret talks had taken place at various levels.

Surprise to Most Indians

The treaty, which was signed by the Soviet Foreign Minister, Andrei A. Gromyko, and Mr. Singh, was a surprise to most Indians and to the foreign diplomatic community here. In India, however, there was spontaneous enthusiasm. The accord came at a time when India was worried over a threat of war by President Agha Mohammad Yahya Khan of Pakistan on the issue of the separatist movement in East Pakistan. India, which is caring for more than seven million refugees from East Pakistan is helping the insurgent guerrilla movement there with training, arms and other supplies.

In the Parliamentary debate, the leader of the right‐wing Jan Sangh party, A. B. Vajpayee, said that the treaty had wont for India “a friend at a critical juncture.”

“Thank God, today we have at least one ally,” said another rightist member, Frank Anthony.

Mr. Anthony said that the pact had brought a sense of realism to India's foreign policy, and that the “sacred barren cow” of nonalignment had given way to a pragmatic policy. lie said India should be grateful to President Nixon for having supplied the motive to sign the treaty, “by his stupid, amoral policy” on East Pakistan, where he was “abetting genocide.”