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1975-08-17

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DACCA IS VEERING TOWARD PAKISTAN

By William Borders

Page: 1

New Government Stresses Islamic Cause Moves Away From India

CALCUTTA, India, Aug. 16—The new Dacca Government moved today to take Bangladesh out of the political orbit of India.

One day after the military coup d'état, in which Sheik Mujibur Rahman was ousted and reportedly killed, the Bangladesh radio stressed the common cause of the world's Islamic countries, and referred in a friendly way to Pakistan, which was the first country to grant diplomatic recognition to the new regime.

It also promised to “normalize relations in the subcontinent,” which has been dominated politically by India ever since East Pakistan split away from West Pakistan to become Bangladesh after the war of 1971.

Meanwhile, the Indian Government, in its first reaction to the coup, declared that it “cannot remain unaffected by these political developments in a neighboring country.”

“The Government of India are carefully studying reports of recent events in Bangladesh, and watching developments” a Government spokesman said in New Delhi. “We are deeply grieved by the tragic death of Sheik Mujibur Rahman. We held him in high esteem in India as one of the outstanding personalities of our time.”

The closeness between Sheik Mujib and India grew out of their having a common adversary, Pakistan. and it was only thanks to India's military defeat of Pakistan in 1971 that he led the Moslem Bengalis to independence.

Any move in Bangladesh away from India and toward the Pakistanis now would be expected to cause concern to the Government of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, especially with India in the midst of an internal political crisis of her own.

President Zulfikar All Bhutto of Pakistan, in announcing his Government's prompt diplomatic move, referred to Bangladesh by its new designation as “The Islamic Republic of Bangladesh.” Sheik Mujib had named it “the People's Republic of Bangladesh.”

And the Bangladesh radio, proudly announcing the diplomatic development, also reported that Pakistan had appealed to “Islamic and thirdworld” countries to join in the recognition.

In the second day of the Government of President Khondakar Mushtaque Ahmed, who had been Sheik Mujib's Commerce Minister, Bangladesh remained cut off from the rest of the world, its borders closed, and most of its lines of international communications stilled.

But, according to the government radio, and reports filtering out through other channels, a general calm prevailed in Bangladesh, an impoverished delta country the size of Wisconsin, with a population of 75 million.

Soldiers Patrol Streets



In Dacca, soldiers were patrolling the streets, and some tanks were said to have been in evidence. But the gunfire that was heard sporadically yesterday had subsided.

The 24‐hour curfew imposed in the predawn coup was lifted for a few hours this morning, the radio said, to permit people to shop. Then it was reimposed.

Another report from Dacca said that during the break in the curfew, the streets had been filled with usual crowds, including itinerant merchants and barefoot children begging.

The government radio also said that President Ahmed‐met with his new Cabinet this morning and, in a review of the general situation, found it satisfactory.

On the Indian side of the border, the chief secretary of the state government of West Bengal said the border area Was “quite normal and quiet.”

The Bengalis, a major ethnic group, are divided along religious lines, with a Moslem majority in Bangladesh and a Hindu majority in the Indian state of West Bengal.

According to the Dacca radio, Pakistan offered Bangladesh 50,000 tons of grain and 15 million yards of fabric. As the radio announced appointments to the new governments, between selections of martial music and various speeches pledging support to President Ahmed, listeners noted that many of the people known to he pro‐Indian were not mentioned.

Majority Anti‐Indian



“Remember that 80 for 90 per cent of the people in Bangladesh are anti‐Indian one well‐informed observer said “They were growing resentful of Mujib's closeness with the Indians.”

According to this source, the new President, a religious man, has a reputation of austerity and honesty, and is regarded as likely to lead a campaign against the corruption that they new government says was rampant under Sheik Mujib.

The government radio said that Sheik Mujib's body had been buried “with full honors” in Tungipara, his home village, 60 miles southwest of Dacca.

Sheik Mujib, the 55‐year‐old leader of the independence struggle, had been a folk hero among Bengalis, but once he came to power, his following declined amid charges of corruption and incompetence.

Bangladesh has drifted in its three and one half years of independence, not only because of what the new government, sees as maladministration, but also because of the soaring population, which tends to offset any economic advance, and because of frequent floods in the huge delta formed by the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers.

Last summer, after annual floods had inundated more than half the country, devastating crops and washing away half a million houses, Sheik Mujib declared: “The floods have nullified whatever progress Bangladesh had made since its independence 32 months ago.”